1 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Patents

1949 Typewriter ribbon and spool - H.J. Hart - No. 2486473
         http://www.google.com/patents/US2486473

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_01.htm


1772, Antoine Lavoisier reported that in the previous week he had discovered that sulphur and phosphorus when burned increased in weight because they absorbed “air,” while the metallic lead formed when litharge was heated with charcoal weighed less than the original litharge because it had lost “air.”

1796, the first permanent typefoundry in the U.S. was  established by Archibald Binny and James Ronaldson. in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

1873, Joseph F. Glidden began manufacturing his new invention of barbed wire, having filed for a patent a few days before, on 27 Oct 1873

1879, Edison signed the patent application for his electric lamp (issued 27 Jan 1880 as U.S. Patent 223,898).

1879, the world's first all-steel railroad bridge was placed in service over the Missouri River at Glasgow, Missouri, built for the Chicago & Alton railroad by Gen. William Sooy Smith.

1884, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) was adopted universally at a meeting of the International Meridian Conference in Washington, DC, USA. From then the International Date Line was drawn up and 24 time zones created.

1901, Dr. J.E. Gillman announced an X-ray treatment for breast cancer.

1939, a rabbit conceived by artificial impregnation, was the first such animal in the U.S. to be displayed.

1952, in the first United States test of a thermonuclear device, a hydrogen bomb dubbed “Mike,” was exploded at Eniwetok Atholl in the Pacific, 3,000 miles west of Hawaii.

1957, the world's longest suspension bridge, the Mackinac Straits Bridge between Michigan's upper and lower peninsulas, opened at five miles long.

1977, Chiron, the farthest known asteroid was discovered.

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_01.htm#event



Birthdays

Famous people born in November
http://www.famouswhy.com/Born_Today/Month/11.html


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2 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_02.htm


1931, The DuPont company, of Wilmington, Delaware, announced the first synthetic rubber.

1936, the world's first high-definition television service began by the BBC from studios and transmitters at Alexandra Palace, in north London.

1947, Howard Hughes piloted his huge wooden airplane, known as the Spruce Goose on its only flight, which lasted about a minute over Long Beach Harbor in California.

1950, concentrated milk was first test-marketed in the U.S. in Wilmington, Delaware.

1955, American investigators Carlton Schwerdt and F.L. Schaffer crystallized the polio virus.

1957, the first titanium mill was opened in Toronto, Ohio by the Titanium Metals Corp. of America (TIMET).

1977, the identification of methanogens, a form of life dating back some 3.5 billion years, was reported by scientists at the University and Illinois.
Need to check this point. A printed paper shows May as the month
http://aem.asm.org/content/33/5/1162.full.pdf

1988, a computer "worm" unleashed by a Cornell University graduate student, Robert T. Morris, began replicating wildly, clogging thousands of computers around the country.

2000, an American astronaut and two Russian cosmonauts became the first permanent residents of the international space station, at the start of their four-month mission.

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_02.htm#event


http://chemistry.about.com/od/novemberinscience/tp/november2history.htm


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3 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

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1863, the first U.S. patent for an antifouling paint for ships' hulls was issued to J.G. Tarr and A.H. Wonson (No. 40515) for a copper oxide, tar and naptha mixture.

1863, the first U.S. yeast preparation patent was issued to J.T. Alden of Cincinnati, Ohio (No. 40,451), for "an improvement in the preparation of yeast" which reduced concentrated yeast from a plastic or semi-fluid state to a dry granular form, a convenient way of preservation for future use.

1892, the first automatic telephone exchange, using the switching device invented by Almon B. Strowger,  opened to the public in LaPorte, Indiana.

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_03.htm#event


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4 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_04.htm


1845, Michael Faraday, working in his laboratory at the Royal Institution, hung a piece of heavy glass between the poles of an electro-magnet and observed that the glass aligned itself across the lines of force of the magnet.

1846, the first U.S. patent for an artificial leg was granted to Benjamin F. Palmer of Meredith, New Hampshire (No. 4,834).

1873, the first U.S. patent was issued for a meat-slicing machine to Anthony Iske of Lancaster, Pennsylvania (No. 144,206).

1873, the first U.S. patent for a gold crown was issued: to Dr. John B. Beers of San Francisco, California on "artificial crowns for teeth" (No. 144,182).

1879, James Jacob Ritty (1837-1918) with help from his brother John invented the first cash register, intended to combat stealing by bartenders in the Pony House Restaurant, his Dayton, Ohio saloon.

1879, African-American Thomas Elkins patented a refrigerating apparatus (No. 221,222) designed for chilling or cooling food, or even, according to the patent, human corpses.

1939, the first air-conditioned automobile was exhibited by its manufacturer, Packard Motor Co. of Detroit Michigan.


http://www.todayinsci.com/11/11_04.htm#event


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5 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_05.htm

In 1895, George B. Selden of Rochester, New York, received the first U.S. patent for a gasoline-driven automobile. In the patent, which he had filed several years earlier, on 8 May 1879, he described not only the engine but also a complete automobile incorporating such features as a clutch, compressed air self-starter, and steering system (No. 549,160).

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/george-selden-patents-gas-powered-car

Lot of information and photos on Selden patent and cars
http://www.kcstudio.com/selden.html


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8 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_08.htm

1931, Fredrick Allison, working in Alabama, reported (erroneously) the discovery of "alabamine", element 85, now known as astatine, the heaviest halogen


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10 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://www.todayinsci.com/11/11_10.htm

1974, the discovery of the "charmed quark" subatomic particle was announced simultaneously by the two American experimental groups responsible

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11 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1856, English inventor, Henry Bessemer was issued US Patent No. 16,082 for his “Manufacture of Iron and Steel” process, having previously taken out a British patent for his “decarbonization process, utilizing a blast of air” that revolutionised steel manufacturing (No. 66/1855, 10 Jan 1855).


http://www.tc.umn.edu/~tmisa/NOS/1.2_invent.html

http://www.madehow.com/inventorbios/33/Henry-Bessemer.html

http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blsteel.htm


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12 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1732, Henri Pitot read a paper to the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris about an instrument he had invented to measure the flow velocity at different depths of water in the River Seine



Tech History 12 November YouTube Video

_______________

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Uploaded by TWit TWit NetCast Network - A YT Partner


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13 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

In 1998, the discovery of the 1,000th pulsar in our galaxy was announced in a press release by the Jodrell Bank Observatory, University of Manchester, using the 64-meter Parkes Radio Telescope in New South Wales, Australia.

About pulsars - http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/camphy/pulsars/pulsars_index.htm
Discovery of 1000th Pulsar - http://www.jodrellbank.manchester.ac.uk/news/1998/pr9803.html


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15 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1960, a U.S. patent was issued for an alkaline dry-cell to P.A. Marsal, Karl Kordesch and Lewis F. Urry (No. 2,960,558). They  assigned it to the Union Carbide Corporation, the manufacturer of Eveready batteries

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_15.htm#event

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16 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1945 - Two newly discovered elements were announced: americium (atomic number 95) and curium (atomic number 96).

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_16.htm#event

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20 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1980
1980 - Solar Challenger made its first solar-powered flight. The aircraft was designed and built by AeroVironment, Inc.
http://library.propdesigner.co.uk/solar_challenger.pdf
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/news/FactSheets/FS-054-DFRC.html
http://donaldmonroe.com/solar_challenger.html

1985 - A successful heart transplant to a 4-day-old infant, Eddie Anguiano (Baby Moses), was performed by Dr. Leonard Lee Bailey of the Loma Linda University Medical Center. Bailey earlier did infant heart transplant using Baboon heart.

http://todayinsci.com/11/11_20.htm#event

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21 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1783 - 1783, Jean Francois Pilatre de Rozier  and the Marquis Francois Laurant d'Arlandes became the first men to fly in a  hot-air balloon that  lifted off from La Muettte, a royal palace in the Bois de Boulogne, Paris. The balloon flew nearly 6 miles in 25 mins and it reached an altitude of around 300-ft.
http://www.balloonsoverwaikato.co.nz/hot-air-ballooning-information

1877 - Thomas Edison announced his invention of his "talking machine" - the tin-foil cylinder recorder that preceeded the phonograph.


http://todayinsci.com/11/11_21.htm#event


Birthdays

1694 - Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet de Voltaire) - author, philosopher
           http://www.egs.edu/library/voltaire/biography/
           Voltaire's Philosophical Contribution - http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/voltaire/


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24 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1859 - Darwin's "On the Origin of Species"  published
Darwin's thesis  "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life" was first published. This  thesis led to the beginning of evolutionary biology.
http://darwin-online.org.uk/EditorialIntroductions/Freeman_OntheOriginofSpecies.html
http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F373&viewtype=text&pageseq=1


1909 -  The Wright brothers formed a million-dollar corporation for the commercial manufacture of airplanes.





Birthdays


Baruch de Spinoza
November 24, 1632


1876 - Hideyo Noguchi
Noguchi was a Japanese bacteriologist who discovered the bacteria Treponema pallidum is the cause of syphilis.


1925 - Simon van der Meer
Simon van der Meer is a Dutch physicist who shares the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physics with Carlo Rubbia for their discovery of the W and Z bosons.

1972 - Charles Babbage  - Economy of Manufactures

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25 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1884 - The first U.S. patent for the process of evaporated milk was issued to John Meyenberg of St Louis, Missouri (No. 308,422).
http://www.allbestmilk.com/page006.aspx
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2288825.html

 1910 - The American College of Surgeons was incorporated to elevate the standard of surgery, to establish a standard of competency and character for practitioners of surgery.

1948 - Cable television was invented by Leroy "Ed" Parsons. He took a signal from large antenna at the top of the hotel and used a coaxial cable to show the broadcast in hotel lobby

1975, the first U.S. patent for a whole-body X-ray scanner was issued to Robert S. Ledley (No. 3,922,552).


Birthdays

1835 - Andrew Carnegie  - Founder Carnegie Steel Corporation - Carngie Mellon University
           http://www.biography.com/people/andrew-carnegie-9238756


http://www.todayinsci.com/11/11_25.htm#event


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27 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1826 - John Walker,  an Englishman from Stockton-on-Tees, invented the first practical  friction match,

1834 - The electric motor was invented by Thomas Davenport.  Davenport secured  US patent No. 132 on 25 Feb 1837  for his direct current motor. He combined the concept of the electromagnet with commutator and brushes to control the direction of current flow to produce rotary motion.
http://edisontechcenter.org/DavenportThomas.html

2001, sodium was detected in the atmosphere of an extrasolar planet by the Hubble Space Telescope.




Birthday

1701 - Anders Celsius
Anders Cesius proposed the centigrade temperature scale that set 0° at the point where water boils and 100° at the point where water freezes.  'Centigrade' refers to the Latin word for '100 steps'. Carolus Linnaeus reversed the endpoints and called the scale Celsius.

1874 - Chaim Azriel Weizmann
Weizmann was a Russian chemist who developed the method to produce acetone using bacteria and fermentation during World War I. Subsequently, he modified his technique to produce other organic compounds using bacteria during fermentation. He served as the first President of Israel.



2011
News
Report published in Astrophysical Journal, on 27 November 2011
Scientists discovered an planet in another solar system (exoplanet) Gliese 581g that has hospitable environment for life.

2012

Royal Society Event at London on 27 November 2012 -  6.30 pm to 7.30 pm

Newton and the Origin of Civilization
Based on  Isaac Newton's Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended, published in 1728, one year after the great man's death.
Recorded video will be available on this page a few days after the event.
http://royalsociety.org/events/2012/newton-and-civilization/

US has the highest Cyber Monday Sales
Nearly $1.5 billion - 20% more than last year.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20506376

New Scientist 27 November 2012
http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/shortsharpscience/2012/11/today-on-new-scientist-27-nove-1.html


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28 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1967, the first pulsating radio source (pulsar) was detected by an alert graduate student, Jocelyn Bell, then working under the direction of  Prof. Anthony Hewish at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory, Cambridge, England.


Birthdays



1820 - Friedrich Engels - German Philosopher - Collaborator of Karl Marx
http://www.trincoll.edu/depts/phil/philo/phils/engels.html
http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1895/misc/engels-bio.htm

1950 -    Russell Alan Hulse American physicist -  in 1993 shared the Nobel Prize for Physics with his former teacher, the astrophysicist Joseph H. Taylor, Jr. - Discovery of the first binary pulsar (1974).


2012

Zig Ziglar, American author, popular sales trainer and motivational speaker died.
http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2012/nov/28/motivational-maestro-zig-ziglar-dies-86/


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29 November Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1951, the first U.S. underground atom bomb test - designed "Uncle" - was detonated

Birthdays

1803 - Christian Doppler

1874 -  António Egas Moniz - Portuguese neurologist - founder of modern psychosurgery. He pioneered the technique of cerebral angiography, enabling X-ray examination of arteries in the brain. In the 1930s, he developed prefrontal leucotomy (lobotomy), an operation for relieving severe symptoms of psychiatric illness.  For this development, he was awarded the 1949 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine jointly with Walter Hess.
   http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1949/moniz-bio.html





Management Revision

Business Firm and Society - The External Environment, Social Responsibility and Ethics - Review Notes

Global and Comparative Management
(to be revised)
(There was a gap in the earlier dates - No articles were specified earlier after August month)

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Design for Brand or Design for Branding

Construction of a Design for Brand Perspective
http://www.fy.chalmers.se/m/ppd/nordplm06/proceedings/175-186%20Mark%20Lange.pdf

http://www.soyadesign.co.uk/product_design.html



Strike Up The Brand: How to Design for Branding - Google Tech Talk ________________________

________________________


Determining How Design Affects Branding

BY JARED M. SPOOL
Originally published: Feb 11, 2002
http://www.uie.com/articles/design_and_branding/

Campaign Financing through Crowdfunding

Crowdfunding platforms are doing a good job for election candidates. Apart from the candidates themselves, even supporters are setting up crowd funding platforms.

http://mashable.com/2012/10/02/crowdfund-political-campaigns/

Creativity, Innovation, Brainstorming - Pre and Post Activities

Creativity is a new connection between previously unrelated elements or entities that now require further integration.

Invention is connecting ideas to tangible products and services and improve them or create totally new ones.

Innovation is connecting newly created products and services or improve products and services with applications and users.


Companies can facilitate the appropriate creativity by posing problems and asking people to go through knowledge bases and come with possible new knowledge that may have some use in solving the problem. During brainstorming attempt is made to link the new knowledge with the problem at hand.

Post brainstorming activity has to be development of the ideas generated in the brainstorming session, at that only will lead to invention. 

1 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday

George R. Carruthers
President Jimmy Carter
Jerome Bruner


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_01.htm

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2 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday

Christian René de Duve
Lord Alexander R. Todd
Mahatma Gandhi


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_02.htm

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3 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday

Pierre René Deligne
Frank Pantridge
William Crawford Gorgas

1928 Alvin Toffler - Futurist

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_03.htm

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4 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday

A. W. F. Edwards
Kenichi Fukui
Alice Stewart



http://todayinsci.com/10/10_04.htm

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5 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday

Reinhard Selten
Pavel Romanovich Popovich
Sir Malcolm Brown


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_05.htm

2011
News
Physicists at the Rice University, USA announced that progressed in building a quantum computer. They created a tiny electron superhighway.

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6 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday

Thor Heyerdahl
Ernest Walton
Florence Seibert


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_06.htm


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7 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_07.htm


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8 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday


Franklin W. Stahl
César Milstein
Jens C. Skou


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_08.htm

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9 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday

Sir Peter Mansfield
Max von Laue
Karl Schwarzschild

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_09.htm

2011
News
Nanodressing was created by researchers at Tomsk, Siberia that heals wounds. It is named VitaVallis.


Raj Dutt, has developed a next-genration energy efficient chip that will use 90 percent less energy and run 60 percent faster.

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10 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Lester Germer
Earle Dickson
Fridtjof Nansen


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_10.htm






Current Events

10 October 2012


The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2012 was awarded to
Robert J. Lefkowitz
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

and

Brian K. Kobilka
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA "for studies of G-protein–coupled receptors"
"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012 - Prize Announcement". Nobelprize.org. 2 Nov 2012 http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2012/announcement.html

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11 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday

Robert Peter Gale
Friedrich Bergius
Lewis Fry Richardson


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_11.htm

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15 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1928 - Airship Zeppelin made trans atlantic flight and landed in New Jersey from Germany.

2003 - First Chinese Astronaut



Birthdays

1608 - Evangelista Toricelli

1908 - J.K. Galbraith - The Affluent Society

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_15.htm


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16 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1908 - First aeroplane flight in England

2006 - Element 118 announced.



Birthdays

1803 - Robert Stephenson (Railway locomotives0




http://todayinsci.com/10/10_16.htm

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17 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1855 - Steel making patent to Bessemer.

Birthdays

1869 - Robert woodworth (psychology - Learning)

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_17.htm


2011
News
Sodium chloride can increase data recording density of hard discs.
Discovery by the scientists at Agency for Science Technology and Research, the National University of Singapore, and Data Research Institute


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18 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

1878 - Household electicity made available by Edison.

1898 - Application for flotation process to separate ore.


Birthdays

1787 - Robert Livingston stevens (Inventor - T rail)

1919 - George E.P. Box (Statistics)


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_18.htm



2011
News
Scientists at Stanford University, USA developed amorphous diamond.

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21 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthdays


Georg Ernst Stahl 1660 - German physician and chemist. He came out with the phlogiston theory of combustion. He also explained related biological processes such as respiration, fermentation, and decay with the theory. Combustible objects, he said, were rich in phlogiston, and during combustion is lost.

William Shippen Jr. 1736
Henry Miller Shreve 1785
George Combe 1788
Enrico Betti 1823
Hermann Hellriegel 1831
Alfred Bernhard Nobel 1833
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/nobel_alfred.shtml

Oswald Avery 1877
William A. Mitchell 1911

Samuel W. Alderson, 1914
American physicist and engineer who invented the crash-test dummy used to test the safety of cars, parachutes and other devices.

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_21.htm


Engineering History

1824

Portland cement was patented by Joseph Aspdin, a stone mason in Yorkshire, England (UK patent No. 5022). He made it by burning finely pulverized lime and clay at high temperatures in kilns and grinding the mixture into a powder. This hydraulic cement would then harden with the addition of water.  He named his invention “Portland cement” as it resembled the high quality building  stone quarried on the Isle of Portland off the British coast.

http://www.k-grayengineeringeducation.com/blog/index.php/2010/10/21/engineering-education-today-in-history-blog-portland-cement-patented/

About portland cement
http://www.cement.org/basics/concretebasics_history.asp

Cements patents of Thomas Edison
http://edison.rutgers.edu/cemepats.htm


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22 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthdays

Constantine Samuel Rafinesque 1783
Stephen Moulton Babcock 1843
 Frederick William Twort 1877
Clinton Joseph Davisson 1881
Charles Glen King 1896


Frank Harold Spedding, 1902
American chemist who, during the 1940s and '50s, developed processes for reducing individual rare-earth elements to the metallic state at low cost, thereby making these substances available to industry at reasonable prices


George Beadle 1903
Karl Jansky 1905


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_22.htm


Events


1797, the first parachute jump was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, released from a balloon 2,230-ft above the Parc Monceau, Paris.
1872, Thomas A. Edison was issued patents for an improvement in "Paper for Chemical Telegraphs" and for an improved "Apparatus for Perforating Paper for Telegraph Use" (U.S. Nos.132455, -6).
1878, Thomas A. Edison was issued a patent for "Quadruplex-Telegraph Repeaters" (U.S. No. 209,241).
1879  Edison's long series of experiments testing materials for suitability as an electric light filament reached a turning point.
1906, Henry Ford became President of Ford Motor Company.
1912, Thomas A. Edison was issued patents for a "Conveyor" related to a cement kiln, and for a "Phonograph-Stylus" formed of crystallized boron


1938 Xerography demonstrated
   http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/xerography.htm
   http://www.xerox.com/downloads/usa/en/innovation/innovation_storyofxerography.pdf
   Chester Carlson http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/200310/history.cfm
   Surface Science of Xerography - http://144.206.159.178/ft/976/52192/915992.pdf
   Chester Carlson and the Development of Xerography - Google book link
    http://books.google.co.in/books/about/Chester_Carlson_and_the_Development_of_X.html?id=kr6zPkUPswIC&redir_esc=y

1981  FDA Aspartame table-top approval
1938 Xerography demonstrated

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_22.htm#event


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23 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday
Edwin Garrigues Boring, 1886
was an American psychologist who was first recognized for his experimental work but later known as a historian of psychology.


http://todayinsci.com/10/10_23.htm



Earth was created on 23rd October 4004 BC - A conclusion by an Archbishop

4004 BC, according to biblical interpretation by church leaders in 1650, the Earth was supposed to have been created.

BISHOP USSHER DATES THE WORLD: 4004 BC
http://www.lhup.edu/~dsimanek/ussher.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Ussher
http://www.godandscience.org/youngearth/age_of_the_earth.html
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/ussher.html

1803, John Dalton presented an essay an essay on the absorption of gases by water, at the conclusion of which he gave a series of atomic weights for 21 simple and compound elements.

1814  The first modern plastic surgery was performed at the Duke of York's Hospital, Chelsea, England. The surgeon, Joseph Carpue developed the procedure based on letter by a British surgeon, Lucas, in Oct 1794 in the Gentleman's Magazine. Lucas described in that letter, a successful procedure performed in India whereby a forehead flap was used to reconstruct a man's mutilated nose. (Hindu texts, up to 2600 years ago, have described various reconstruction techniques.)

1819 The first boat passed through the Erie canal.

1947 The first American husband and wife team to win a Nobel Prize, Carl and Gerty Cori (née Radnitz) of Washington University Medical School, were awarded the Physiology or Medicine Prize for “the discovery on how glycogen is converted to glucose in the body, and for the effects of hypophysis hormones on sugar metabolism.”

1977 American paleontologist Elso S. Barghoorn of Harvard announced the discovery of Pre-Cambian spherical one-celled algae microfossils (named Eobacterium) 3.4 billion years old, earth's earliest life forms

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_23.htm#event


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24 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday

Nathaniel Convers Wyeth, 1911
was an American chemist and inventor who created the PET plastic beverage bottle. His patent was used by  Du Pont for the “Biaxially Oriented Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Bottle”
http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2012/10/oct-24-1911-birth-of-an-inventive-wyeth/

1932 Stephen Covey




1836, Alonzo Dwight Phillips of Springfield, Massachusetts, received the first U.S. patent for the phosphorous friction safety match (No. 68).

1851, William Lassell discovered Ariel and Umbriel, satellites of Uranus.

1861, the first transcontinental telegraph message was sent by Justice Stephen J. Field of California to President Abraham Lincoln, on the same day the first transcontinental telegraph system was completed.

In 1876, a U.S. patent was issued for the metal case of a one-day back-winding alarm clock to the Seth E. Thomas of New York City, NY (No. 183,725), being the first American patent for an alarm clock of this familiar type.

In 1939, nylon stockings went on sale in the U.S. for the first time to employees at DuPont's Wilmington, Delaware nylon factory.

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_24.htm#event


Knowledge History - Resources


A Brief History of Knowledge: From 3000 BC to 2001 AD - Piero Scaruffi
http://www.scaruffi.com/know/history.html


http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/0/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/0/

http://hbswk.hbs.edu/topics/businesshistory.html

The Globalization of Knowledge
http://www.edition-open-access.de/studies/1/index.html

http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/history_knowledge/knowledgegraph.html


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25 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

Birthday



John North Willys, 1873
American automotive industrialist.  In 1912-18, Willys_overland's output ranked second only to Ford. He reorganized the faltering Overland Company in Indianapolis in 1907. He expanded the Willys-Overland plant into a larger factory in Toledo, Ohio. During WW I, Willys-Overland became a major producer of trucks, airplanes and airplane engines. In later days,  the Willys-Overland company pioneered the WW II Jeep, a rugged off-road vehicle. In 1970, the company was bought by American Motors Corporation.


William Higinbotham, 1910
American physicist who invented the first video game, Tennis for Two, as entertainment for the 1958 visitor day at Brookhaven National Laboratory



Henry Norris Russell, 1877
American astronomer and astrophysicist who showed the relationship between a star's brightness and its spectral type, in what is usually called the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram



http://todayinsci.com/10/10_25.htm


1671, Giovanni Cassini discovered Iapetus, one of Saturn's moons.

1881, Leslie L. Curtis of Cape Elizabeth, Maine, patented an air brush painting device. His patent No. 248,579 describes an "Atomizer for Coloring Pictures."

1955, the first domestic microwave oven was sold by Tappan.
http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2010/10/1025home-microwave-ovens/

1960, the Accutron 214, the world's first electronic wristwatch by Bulova, was placed on sale in New York City.

1990, the first transplant operation of a lung from a live donor to a recipient is performed by Dr. Vaughn A. Starnes, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California.

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_25.htm#event

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Global Leaders - Unite People with Individual Identities

Globalization means organizations which are serving more uniform domestic economies or societies have to serve multiple societies. In this endeavor, global managers have to confront identity issues. A manager is a person, who organizes people for carrying out a specific task or mission. Leaders are people who influence groups of people on a continuous basis on large number of issues.

Global leaders are now a reality. Globe has become a village due to the digital connectivity. It facilitated emergence of global leaders.

Global leaders must confront identity issues in a way that unites people while acknowledging individuality. Leaders must develop consciousness about others.  People need an awareness of differences and a willingness to honor them.  (Rosabeth Moss Kanter in Handbook of Leadership Theory and Practice by HBR Press.)

26 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_26.htm


1883 - Napoleon Hill - Personal success books

1886 Birthday - Charles Eugene Bedaux

French-American efficiency engineer who developed the Bedaux plan for measuring and compensating industrial labour.

Bedaux was born in Paris in 1886 and migrated to the U.S. early in the 20th century. He is one of the pioneering contributors to the field of scientific management. Bedaux introduced the concept of rating assessment in timing work (80/60). He supported Gilbreth's introduction of  rest allowance to allow recovery from fatigue.

http://www.bedaux.com/com/bedaux/charlesbedaux.php

Bedaux Company in America and Britain. Bedaux was a great salesman of scientific management and he had instituted IE methods in 500 companies.
https://ohiostatepress.org/Books/Complete%20PDFs/Nelson%20Mental/08.pdf

Charles Bedaux - Deciphering an enigma
Google Book Link - 2012 publication
http://books.google.co.in/books?id=kfKXqTy4bdwC  Preview available



1858, a U.S. patent was issued for cycling reheated water in a washing machine, to Hamilton E. Smith of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (No. 21,909).

1984, Baby Fae became the first new-born recipient of a cross-species heart transplant.
http://www.news-medical.net/news/20091015/25-year-anniversary-of-the-first-neonatal-cross-species-heart-transplantation-to-be-celebrated.aspx

A brief history of cross-species organ transplantation



http://todayinsci.com/10/10_26.htm#event

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27 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_27.htm




1873, farmer Joseph F. Glidden applied for a patent on barbed wire.

1891, Philip B. Downing, inventor, was awarded a U.S. patent for an improvement to the street letter (mail) box.

1938, Du Pont announced a name for its new synthetic fiber yarn: "nylon".

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_27.htm#event

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28 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_28.htm



1793 Eli Whitney applied for a patent for his cotton gin, which was granted the following March.

1868, Thomas Edison of Boston, Mass., first patent application was received and recorded by the Patent Office. It was for an “Electrographic Vote Recorder"

1965, the Gateway Arch (630' (190m) high) was completed in St. Louis, Missouri.

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_28.htm#event


Birthdays

1955 Bill Gates Microsoft


Science, Engineering and Management Knowledge History of the Day - Index for the Year

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29 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_29.htm


1872  The all-metal windmill was patented (J.S. Risdon, Genoa, Ill.).

1945  The first ball point pen in the U.S. went on sale at Gimbels Department Stores for $12.95.
Ball Point Pen - Product and Manufacturing Process History


1947  A forest fire at Concord, N.H. was drenched with rain produced by seeding cumulus clouds with dry ice, the first such event in the U.S.

1958  The first coronary angiogram was performed by Dr. F. Mason Sones, Jr. , a pediatric cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic.

1971 The first successful use of electricity to repair a bone fracture is reported by surgeons at the University of Pennsylvania.

1991, space probe Galileo become the first human object to fly past an asteroid, Gaspra, making its closest approach at a distance of 1,604 km, passing at a speed of 8 km/sec (5 mi/sec).

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_29.htm#event


Current Knowledge Issues

2012
Mass Customization of Media - Digital Media Achievement
Minnow Media Persons versus Mega Media Organizations

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30 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_30.htm


1794  The first commercial installation in the U.S. of ball bearings was made on the weather vane on top of the steeple of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Holy Trinity, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

1888  The first U.S. patent for a ballpoint pen was issued to John J. Loud of Weymouth, Mass. (No. 392,046).
http://nraoetkc.blogspot.com/2012/10/ball-point-pen-product-and.html

1894 Daniel M. Cooper of Rochester, N.Y. received the first U.S. patent for a time clock (No. 528,223).

1925 The first television transmission was seen in London, England.

1986 The first fibre-optic cable across the English Channel began service.

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_30.htm#event


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31 October Knowledge History - Science, Engineering and Management

http://www.todayinsci.com/10/10_31.htm


1815 English chemist, Sir Humphry Davy of London patented the miner's safety lamp.

1888 Pneumatic bicycle tyres were patented by Scottish inventor, John Boyd Dunlop.
http://www.ulsterhistory.co.uk/johndunlop.htm
http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/pneumatictire.htm
http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/makhist10_prog10e.shtml

1951 The zebra crossing was first introduced in Slough, Berkshire, England to reduce casulaties at pedestrian road crossings.

1956 An airplane landed at the South Pole for the first time. When Navy Admiral George J. Dufek stepped off the Que Sera Sera, an LC-47 transport plane, he was the first American to set foot on there, the first man since Scott to stand at the Pole.

1992 The Vatican admitted erring for over 359 years in formally condemning Galileo Galilei for entertaining scientific truths such as the Earth revolves around the sun it, which the Roman Catholic Church long denounced as anti-scriptural heresy.

http://todayinsci.com/10/10_31.htm#event



Birthdays

1905 Heinrich von Stackelberg - Stackelberg leadership model in oligopoly


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